While many recall their university days through lecture halls and late-night study sessions, my memories are steeped in the rich, earthy aroma of soil and the rhythmic hum of agricultural innovation. Growing up on the University of Ibadan campus, I was immersed in a world where agriculture wasn’t just a subject—it was a way of life. My father, Professor Gideon Olajiire Adeoye was at the forefront of this world, a distinguished Professor of Agronomy and Organic Agriculture who just turned 80 – a milestone that had me reflecting on the rich agricultural legacy of Oyo State and my father’s legacy as father of Organic Agriculture in sub-saharan Africa.
In those years back in Parry Road where we resided on the campus of the University of Ibadan, we generated biogas for our domestic cooking from locally sourced cow dung in UI Teaching and Research Farm and water hyacinth from Oba Dam – and the effluents or substrates were then released into the backyard for plant nutrition – talk about being carbon neutral. As Secretary-General of the Soil and Plant Analytical Laboratories Network for Africa (SPALNA) for over a decade, Mm Dad’s work made me familiar with esteemed institutions like the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), Nigeria Horticultural Research Institute (NiHort) all in Oyo state.
Evenings were often spent at IITA’s International House (I-House), where the day’s work was followed by snacks, a game of lawn tennis with the late Dr. Jesse Machuka, and then swimming—a testament to the balance of hard work and relaxation in the world of agricultural research.
The sight of impeccably white ‘jeeps’ or Land Cruisers with proud corps diplomatique number plates, often sponsored by the Japanese or Canadian governments in support of nigeria, and the presence of private jets and guest houses across the African continent, painted a picture of an organization where agriculture was both functional and beneficial to society. On the flip side, my mother’s Doctorate thesis was in soil-chemistry focused on the clean-up of lead pollution in the environment using phyto-remediation – although she is otherwise a Medical Pathologist by training.
These experiences were not mere childhood fantasies; they were the realities of my life and the foundation of my understanding of agriculture as a dynamic and impactful sector. Today, as I witness the continued growth and innovation at IITA, led by esteemed scientists like my twinie, Dr. (Mrs.) Titi Falade – with whom I share the same birthday; and Dr. Debo Akande (Executive Adviser to His Excellency Seyi Makinde and Deputy Director General of IITA), it is clear that the legacy of excellence in agriculture continues to thrive – and gratefully so, in Oyo State.
Over the past six years, Oyo State has made significant strides in transforming its agricultural sector, positioning itself as a model for agribusiness development in Nigeria. Under the leadership of His Excellency Governor Seyi Makinde, the state has implemented a series of initiatives aimed at modernizing agriculture, enhancing food security, and fostering economic growth. The establishment of the Oyo State Agribusiness Development Agency (OYSADA) has been pivotal in driving these changes. OYSADA has facilitated several million dollars in blended international agribusiness funding, leading to the development of agribusiness industrial hubs such as the Fasola Agribusiness Industrial Hub and the Special Agro-Processing Zone (SAPZ) supported by the African Development Bank. These hubs have attracted investments from companies like Brent Farm, Rontol Ltd, and Psaltry International, contributing to several billions of investments across the agricultural value chain.
In addition to infrastructure development, the state under his leadership has focused on empowering farmers through various programs. The Tractorisation Subsidy initiative, has subsidized ploughing costs for smallholder farmers, with over several thousands of acres of farmland mechanically ploughed, thereby enhancing productivity and encouraging the adoption of mechanized farming methods. Furthermore, OYSADA has digitized the data of over tens of thousands of farmers, facilitating targeted interventions and policy-making. The state has also invested in rural infrastructure, including the construction of roads like the Moniya-Iseyin arterial road, to improve access to markets. These comprehensive efforts underscore Oyo State’s commitment to agricultural transformation and economic development. But we must not rest on our oars – much remains to be done.
Agriculture: The Backbone of Oyo State’s Economy
Agriculture has long been a cornerstone of Oyo State’s economy. The state’s fertile lands support the cultivation of crops such as cassava, yams, cocoa, maize, and plantains. Despite this abundance, the sector’s potential remains underutilised, particularly in value-added processing and industrial-scale production.
For instance, Oyo’s Oke-Ogun region is one of Nigeria’s top cassava-producing areas. However, much of the cassava is sold in its raw form, missing opportunities for processing into products like cassava flour, garri, and ethanol. Similarly, the state’s cocoa industry remains heavily dependent on raw exports, with minimal local processing into products like chocolate and cocoa butter.
This brings to focus, the foresight and investment of HE Seyi Makinde in inaugurating the Iseyin Campus of the college of Agriculture of Ladoke Akintola University under the leadership of Professor Ayodeji Omole, Pro Chancellor and Chairman of Council and the Vice Chancellor Prof Rom Kalilu.
The Path to Industrialisation: Integrating Agriculture with Industry
Industrialisation involves creating a robust value chain where raw materials are processed into finished goods for the global market. In Oyo State, agriculture can play a pivotal role in this transformation by integrating with manufacturing, technology, and services.
1. Agro-processing: The Missing Link
Agro-processing refers to the transformation of raw agricultural products into consumable or usable goods. By developing processing plants in areas that are hubs for certain crops, Oyo State can add significant value to its agricultural products. For example, Oke-Ogun could be transformed into an agro-processing industrial zone, where products like cassava, cocoa, maize, and palm oil are processed and packaged. These products could then be marketed both within Nigeria and internationally, leading to job creation and increased income for farmers.
A strong agro-processing industry in Oyo State would attract investors in industries such as food processing, textiles, and pharmaceuticals, creating a broad industrial ecosystem that could drive the state’s growth.
2. Leveraging Technology and Innovation in Agriculture
Modern agriculture is not just about plowing the fields—it involves innovation and technology. Oyo State must embrace modern agricultural technology to increase productivity and efficiency in farming. This can be achieved through:
Smart irrigation systems: Using modern water management techniques to optimise crop yield in the face of climate change.
Drones and satellites: For monitoring crop health, detecting diseases, and mapping out farm areas. Precision farming techniques: Using data analytics to determine the optimal times for planting, fertilising, and harvesting crops, which will increase yields and reduce waste.
Investment in agricultural research and development (R&D) is key to modernising the sector. Agri-tech startups can be incentivised to innovate in areas like crop genetics, sustainable farming, and food safety.
3. Establishing Agricultural Clusters and Hubs
Creating agricultural clusters can focus on specific products such as cassava, cocoa, or palm oil, bringing together farmers, processors, and marketers under one umbrella. These hubs should include:
Modern processing factories: That can transform raw agricultural products into high-value goods.
Logistics and transportation networks: That make it easy for farmers to get their products to markets quickly and efficiently.
Research and development facilities: That continuously innovate and improve farming techniques.
By focusing on creating such clusters in different regions of Oyo, the state can attract investment and create a robust supply chain that benefits everyone involved—from farmers to factory workers to marketers.
Sustainability and Environmental Considerations
As Oyo State embarks on its agricultural industrialisation journey, it must also be conscious of the environmental impact of industrialisation. Sustainable farming practices, responsible water use, and eco-friendly agro-processing are key to ensuring long-term growth.
For example, organic farming could be promoted in Oyo, where farmers are incentivised to produce crops without the use of harmful pesticides and chemicals. By tapping into the global demand for organic produce, Oyo could attract a premium market and enhance its agricultural exports.
Case Studies: Rwanda and Singapore
Rwanda: From Subsistence to Agro-Industrial Ambitions
Rwanda’s journey towards agricultural industrialisation is a testament to strategic vision and policy-driven transformation. Agriculture, contributing approximately 29% to the national GDP, employs around 70% of the population, predominantly in rural areas . The government’s Crop Intensification Programme (CIP) aims to shift from subsistence to commercial agriculture, focusing on crop specialization and land use consolidation .
However, challenges persist, including land scarcity due to high population density and fragmented holdings. Despite these hurdles, Rwanda’s commitment to modernising agriculture is evident in initiatives like the Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain (ACES), launched in 2020, to reduce post-harvest losses and improve food security .
Singapore: Urban Innovation and Agricultural Resilience
Singapore, with its limited arable land, has embraced technological innovation to bolster food security. The “30 by 30” initiative aims to produce 30% of its nutritional needs locally by 2030, focusing on high-tech farming methods such as multi-storey hydroponics and aquaculture .
This approach reflects Singapore’s broader industrialisation strategy, which includes attracting foreign investment, enhancing workforce skills, and developing infrastructure to support high-value industries .
Call to Action: What Citizens Can Do Today
Support Local Farmers: Purchase locally grown produce to encourage sustainable agricultural practices.
Invest in Agro-processing: Entrepreneurs and investors should explore opportunities in agro-processing sectors like cassava, cocoa, and palm oil to add value to Oyo’s agricultural products.
Advocate for Agricultural Innovation: Promote the adoption of smart farming technologies and sustainable practices to enhance productivity and environmental stewardship.
Partner with Government: Engage with government programmes focused on agriculture and industrialisation to collaboratively develop solutions that benefit all stakeholders.
Conclusion
The path to industrialisation in Oyo State is intricately linked with the growth and modernisation of its agricultural sector. By focusing on agro-processing, innovation, and sustainable practices, Oyo has the potential to not only become a major agricultural producer but also a leading industrial hub in Nigeria and Africa. With concerted effort, the state can unlock its agricultural potential, creating jobs, boosting exports, and fuelling its industrialisation agenda.
Oyo State’s agricultural future is bright, and it is time for every citizen, investor, and stakeholder to play a role in cultivating this potential.
Amofin Beulah Adeoye
